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DDifficulty 3/5

To move off and accelerate a loaded bus forwards, how must the tractive force at the wheels compare with the forces opposing forward movement?

Correct answer

Tractive force must be greater than the forces opposing forward movement.

Tractive force must exceed resistance to forward motion so that there is a net forward force. On a level surface, weight is not a horizontal force that must directly be overcome; loading can increase rolling resistance and the mass to be accelerated. Uphill, a component of weight also opposes climbing. Select a ratio suitable for the load and gradient according to the vehicle’s instructions; higher gears or maximum engine revs are not always required.

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  • Tractive force must be greater than the forces opposing forward movement.

  • Higher gears than when unloaded must always be used.

  • The engine must always be run at maximum revs.

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