Spanish DGT 2026 theory — 80 lessons

Risk factors are studied as a real cause of error: alcohol, drugs, speed, distraction, fatigue, adverse weather and overconfidence. In passenger cars on roads open to general traffic their effects tend to multiply, which is why the exam insists on anticipating and correcting before you lose control.

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Efficient, environmentally sound driving reduces fuel consumption, emissions, wear and risk. The DGT studies it as a way of driving better, not just as a financial saving, and it must always be compatible with safety and the rules in force.

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Core topic for licence B: general rules of circulation, priority, speed, road position, manoeuvres, essential documentation and the punishable conduct most often asked about in the exam. Study it as practical decisions: who goes first, where you position yourself, when you must give way and how you reduce risk.

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Road safety combines prevention, occupant protection and the correct reaction to an emergency. The theory exam usually mixes active safety, passive safety and the PAS response within the same question, so always study cause, consequence and safe conduct together.

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Master the hierarchy between officers, temporary signage, traffic lights, vertical signs and road markings. In the exam you must recognise which order prevails, what conduct each sign requires, and when a temporary indication changes what you would normally expect to see on the road.

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Licence B requires you to drive with preventive priority towards pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and road users with less physical protection. A small driver error can have serious consequences, so the exam values anticipation, distance, moderate speed and reading the surroundings.

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Before riding a moped you must know its basic equipment, check that it responds safely, and understand that a small fault on two wheels has bigger consequences than in a car. In the exam this topic appears as pre-ride checks and as the direct link between each mechanical fault and its risk.

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On a moped, an approved helmet is mandatory, and the rest of the equipment, although not always mandatory, is decisive for reducing injuries and improving visibility and control. The exam distinguishes between what the rule requires and what, without being mandatory, is part of riding safely.

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Risk factors are studied as a real cause of error: alcohol, drugs, speed, distraction, fatigue, adverse weather and overconfidence. On mopeds their effects tend to multiply because of the rider's lower stability and lower physical protection.

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Master the hierarchy between officers, temporary signage, traffic lights, vertical signs and road markings, and study the current official catalogue with attention to the most recent updates. In the moped exam, many questions are solved by correctly applying that priority order.

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Moped technique focuses on balance, where you look, progressive braking and visible positioning. The typical learner mistake is looking too close and reacting late, which is why the exam insists on anticipation and on not mistaking the vehicle's agility for permission to take risks.

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On a motorcycle the helmet is mandatory, but serious study also covers gloves, boots, jacket, technical trousers and visibility. The best technique does not remove the risk of injury. Study each item of gear by its protective function and learn to separate what's mandatory from what's merely recommended.

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Risk factors are studied as a real cause of error: alcohol, drugs, speed, distraction, fatigue, adverse weather and overconfidence. On motorcycles their effects tend to multiply. Learn to recognise each factor and how the exam presents them so they don't catch you off guard.

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Preventive motorcycle maintenance is part of road safety: it avoids breakdowns, reduces braking distance, improves stability and cuts down on errors both in the exam and in real riding. Study each check by its effect on riding, not as a mere workshop formality.

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Study the rules specific to the A1 licence: limits on the authorised vehicle, requirements for carrying a passenger and load, and safety rules specific to motorcycles on urban and interurban roads. Knowing what you can ride and under what conditions avoids many exam mistakes.

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Master the hierarchy between officers, temporary signage, traffic lights, vertical signs and road markings, and study the current official catalogue with attention to the most recent updates. Don't memorise isolated pictures: link each sign to the conduct it requires.

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Motorcycle technique requires looking well ahead, combined braking, a lean angle compatible with grip, a clean line and special care with slippery surfaces and blind spots. Study each technique by what it prevents, because on a motorcycle the margin for correcting a mistake is minimal.

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On a motorcycle, the helmet is compulsory, but serious study also covers gloves, boots, jacket, technical trousers and visibility. Good technique does not remove the risk of injury. Study each item of gear for the protective function it serves, and learn to separate what's compulsory from what's merely advisable.

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Risk factors are studied as a real cause of error: alcohol, drugs, speed, distraction, fatigue, adverse weather and overconfidence. On motorcycles their effects tend to multiply. Learn to recognise each factor and how the exam presents them so you're not caught off guard.

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Preventive maintenance of motorcycles is part of road safety: it avoids breakdowns, reduces braking distance, improves stability and cuts down on errors in the exam and in real riding. Study each check for its effect on riding, not as a simple workshop formality.

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Study the regulations specific to the A2 licence: the limits of the authorised vehicle, requirements for carrying a passenger and load, and safety rules specific to motorcycles on urban and interurban roads. Knowing what you can ride and under what conditions avoids many exam mistakes.

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Master the hierarchy between officers, circumstantial signalling, traffic lights, vertical signs and road markings, and study the current official catalogue paying attention to the most recent updates. Don't memorise loose drawings; relate each sign to the conduct it requires.

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Technique on a motorcycle demands looking well ahead, combined braking, lean angle compatible with available grip, a clean line and special care with slippery surfaces and blind spots. Study each technique for what it prevents, because on a motorcycle the margin to correct an error is minimal.

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The combination's safety devices prevent uncoupling, improve visibility and allow the trailer to keep its stability and braking capacity within the law. In B+E you must check them before driving and understand exactly what failure each one prevents.

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Preventive maintenance of towing-vehicle-and-trailer combinations is part of road safety: it avoids breakdowns, reduces braking distance, improves stability and cuts down on errors in the exam and in real driving. In B+E you must check both the car and the trailer.

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In B+E you must study authorised masses, coupling, load distribution, the stability of the combination and specific signalling for driving with a trailer or semi-trailer within the framework allowed by this class. The key is always to think of the towing vehicle and trailer as a single unit that is longer, heavier and slower to react.

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Master the hierarchy between officers, circumstantial signalling, traffic lights, vertical signs and road markings, and study the current official catalogue paying attention to how combinations with a trailer behave. In B+E you must read every sign thinking about mass, length, lane, stability and the section affected.

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Technique with a trailer is based on coupling correctly, driving smoothly, opening up your lines more and understanding the reversal of movements when manoeuvring in reverse. In B+E it's not enough to know how to move the car: you must anticipate how the whole combination responds.

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Safe loading isn't just a logistics matter: incorrect stowage shifts the centre of gravity, lengthens braking distance and can cause a rollover or objects to fall onto the road. In the C licence - Truck, study it as a matter of safety, responsibility and anticipation.

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Preventive maintenance of trucks and goods vehicles is part of road safety: it avoids breakdowns, reduces braking distance, improves stability and cuts down on errors in the exam and in real driving. In the C licence - Truck, basic checks are part of driving with anticipation.

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A C licence - Truck driver must master the goods-transport framework: authorised category, visibility, the vehicle's masses and dimensions, stowage, route and the prudence obligations of driving a heavy vehicle. This topic brings together licence, load, signs and daily responsibility.

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Master the hierarchy between officers, circumstantial signalling, traffic lights, vertical signs and road markings, and study the current official catalogue paying attention to the most recent updates. For the C licence - Truck, always add the restrictions specific to goods and heavy vehicles.

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Technique with a truck demands looking well ahead, managing the blind spot, using the brakes smoothly and changing pace well in advance. The heavier the vehicle, the less margin there is to improvise, especially with a load or in narrow environments.

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Driving and rest times are road-safety and labour regulations. For professional licences you must memorise the base limits of Regulation (EC) 561/2006 and understand their preventive logic, because the aim is to avoid fatigue and unsafe decisions.

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Safe loading isn't just a logistics matter: incorrect stowage shifts the centre of gravity, lengthens braking distance and can cause a rollover or loss of objects onto the road. For the C1 licence - Light truck, study it as a matter of safety, responsibility and anticipation.

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Preventive maintenance of trucks and goods vehicles is part of road safety: it avoids breakdowns, reduces braking distance, improves stability and cuts errors in both the exam and real driving. For the C1 licence - Light truck, basic checks are part of driving with anticipation.

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A C1 licence - Light truck driver must master the goods transport framework: the authorised category, visibility, the vehicle's masses and dimensions, stowage, route and the prudence obligations of a heavy vehicle. This topic ties together the licence, the load, signs and everyday responsibility.

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Master the hierarchy between officers, circumstantial signalling, traffic lights, vertical signs and road markings, and study the official catalogue in force, paying attention to the most recent updates. For the C1 licence - Light truck, always add the restrictions specific to goods vehicles and heavy vehicles.

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Truck technique demands observing far ahead, managing the blind spot, using the brakes smoothly and changing pace well in advance. The heavier the vehicle, the less room there is to improvise, especially with a load or in tight environments.

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Driving and rest times are road-safety and labour regulations. For professional licences you must memorise the base limits of Regulation (EC) 561/2006 and understand their preventive logic, because the goal is to avoid fatigue and unsafe decisions.

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Preventive maintenance of buses and minibuses is part of road safety: it prevents breakdowns, reduces braking distance, improves stability and cuts down on exam and real-driving errors. On the D licence you must treat it as part of your routine as a driver, not as a task left to the garage.

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On the D licence you must master passenger-transport regulations: the scope of the licence, passenger safety, stops, doors, luggage and the extra margin of caution required by the vehicle's size and responsibility. The exam does not separate the regulation from conduct: it asks you to decide how to protect passengers in specific situations.

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Master the hierarchy between officers, temporary signalling, traffic lights, vertical signs and road markings, and study the current official catalogue with attention to the most recent updates. On passenger-transport licences, reading a sign late can compromise turns, stops, reserved lanes and access restrictions.

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Driving a bus requires smoothness, wide observation, control of body roll and respect for the swept path in turns. Passengers feel every mistake even before the external hazard appears, which is why correct technique combines anticipation, precision and calm.

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Driving and rest times for passenger transport are based on Regulation (EC) 561/2006. The aim is to limit driver fatigue and protect passengers and other road users; in the exam you must know both the figures and the purpose of each break or rest period.

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Passenger transport requires technique, regulatory knowledge and safe treatment of passengers: access, luggage, information, attention to vulnerable groups and the correct response to incidents. On the D licence, driving is always studied together with the service received by the people being transported.

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Preventive maintenance of buses and minibuses is part of road safety: it prevents breakdowns, reduces braking distance, improves stability and cuts down on exam and real-driving errors. On the D1 licence you must treat it as part of your routine as a driver, not as a task left to the garage.

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On the D1 licence you must master passenger-transport regulations: the scope of the licence, passenger safety, stops, doors, luggage and the extra margin of caution required by the vehicle's size and responsibility. The exam does not separate the regulation from conduct: it asks you to decide how to protect passengers in specific situations.

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Master the hierarchy between officers, temporary signalling, traffic lights, vertical signs and road markings, and study the current official catalogue with attention to the most recent updates. On passenger-transport licences, reading a sign late can compromise turns, stops, reserved lanes and access restrictions.

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Driving a minibus requires smoothness, wide observation, control of body roll and respect for the swept path in turns. Passengers feel every mistake even before the external hazard appears, which is why correct technique combines anticipation, precision and calm.

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Driving and rest times for passenger transport are based on Regulation (EC) 561/2006. The aim is to limit driver fatigue and protect passengers and other road users; in the exam you must know both the figures and the purpose of each break or rest period.

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Passenger transport requires technique, regulatory knowledge and safe treatment of passengers: access, luggage, information, attention to vulnerable groups and the correct response to incidents. On the D1 licence, driving is always studied together with the service received by the people being transported.

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In C+E, the combination's safety devices aren't checked as a formality: they support braking, lighting, signalling, stability and control of the towed unit. Study every check by thinking about how a faulty connection, a support leg or a wheel can turn a normal manoeuvre into an unsafe situation.

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Preventive maintenance for C+E is directly part of road safety: it avoids breakdowns, improves braking, preserves stability and reduces errors when preparing the vehicle. Study the whole combination, because it covers category C vehicles with a trailer or semi-trailer of over 750 kg, and no defect in the towed unit is offset by a towing vehicle in good condition.

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In C+E you study articulated goods combinations or ones with a heavy trailer: correct authorisation, coupling, restrictions on mass and length, and dynamic behaviour more demanding than a rigid vehicle. The goal is to recognise when the rules, the road or the combination's configuration require greater caution and margin.

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Master the hierarchy between officers, circumstantial signalling, traffic lights, vertical signs and road markings, and study the official catalogue in force, paying attention to recent updates. In C+E, every sign must be read together with the combination's size, length, mass and manoeuvre.

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C+E technique demands controlling mirrors, angle, inertia and lateral and rear space in category C vehicles with a trailer or semi-trailer of over 750 kg. Smoothness is a safety condition, because the towed unit responds with a delay and can amplify an abrupt correction.

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In C1+E, the combination's safety devices aren't checked as a formality: they support braking, lighting, signalling, stability and control of the towed unit. Study every check by thinking about how a faulty connection, a support leg or a wheel can turn a normal manoeuvre into an unsafe situation.

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Preventive maintenance for C1+E is directly part of road safety: it avoids breakdowns, improves braking, preserves stability and reduces errors when preparing the vehicle. Study the whole combination, because it covers category C1 vehicles with a trailer or semi-trailer, and combinations up to 12,000 kg, and no defect in the towed unit is offset by a towing vehicle in good condition.

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In C1+E you study articulated goods combinations or ones with a heavy trailer: correct authorisation, coupling, restrictions on mass and length, and dynamic behaviour more demanding than a rigid vehicle. The goal is to recognise when the rules, the road or the combination's configuration require greater caution and margin.

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Master the hierarchy between officers, circumstantial signalling, traffic lights, vertical signs and road markings, and study the official catalogue in force, paying attention to recent updates. In C1+E, every sign must be read together with the combination's size, length, mass and manoeuvre.

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C1+E technique demands controlling mirrors, angle, inertia and lateral and rear space in category C1 vehicles with a trailer or semi-trailer, and combinations up to 12,000 kg. Smoothness is a safety condition, because the towed unit responds with a delay and can amplify an abrupt correction.

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The safety devices of a D+E combination protect the mechanical coupling, the exterior signalling, the stability of the trailer and the service to passengers. Study them as a chain: if one element fails, the combination stops being predictable.

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Preventive maintenance of D+E combinations prevents breakdowns, improves braking and cornering, protects passengers and reduces exam mistakes. Study it as preparation for the service, not as a task unrelated to the driver.

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D+E passenger combinations combine carrying people with the dynamic complexity of a heavy trailer. You must master the scope of the licence, the specific exam and the practical consequences of driving a D-category bus with a trailer of more than 750 kg.

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Master the hierarchy between officers, temporary signalling, traffic lights, vertical signs and road markings, and apply each sign to the D+E combination. On passenger vehicles with a trailer, reading late reduces your margin for correcting.

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Driving technique for D+E combinations combines trailer control and passenger protection: wide trajectories, clean braking and very-low-speed manoeuvres. The key is to anticipate rather than correct late.

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The safety devices of a D1+E combination protect the mechanical coupling, the exterior signalling, the stability of the trailer and the service to passengers. Study them as a chain: if one element fails, the combination stops being predictable.

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Preventive maintenance of D1+E combinations prevents breakdowns, improves braking and cornering, protects passengers and reduces exam mistakes. Study it as preparation for the service, not as a task unrelated to the driver.

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D1+E passenger combinations combine the transport of people with the dynamic complexity of a heavy trailer. You must master the scope of the licence, the specific exam and the practical consequences of driving a D1 minibus with a trailer of over 750 kg.

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Master the hierarchy between officers, temporary signing, traffic lights, vertical signs and road markings, and apply each sign to the D1+E combination. In passenger vehicles with a trailer, reading a sign late reduces your margin to correct.

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Driving technique for D1+E combinations combines controlling the trailer with protecting passengers: wide trajectories, clean braking and very low-speed manoeuvres. The key is to anticipate rather than correct too late.

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The LCM licence relies on general rules and signs applied to vehicles for people with reduced mobility: priority, position on the road and correct reading of signs. The exam tests your ability to apply that order of priority to a slow and especially vulnerable vehicle.

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In LCM, driver safety depends on visibility, stability, adapted speed and prudent reading of the surroundings, because it is an especially exposed vehicle. The exam insists that low speed does not remove the risk and that being seen is an active responsibility.

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In LCM two realities coincide: the driver themselves is very vulnerable, and they also share the road with pedestrians and other vulnerable users who require extra care. The exam wants you to understand that formal priority does not remove the risk and that visibility is everyone's responsibility.

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The vehicle and manoeuvres topic in LCM requires knowing the basic controls, stability control, correctly occupying space and manoeuvring at low speed with full safety. The exam tests your ability to check beforehand, observe fully and use the available space prudently.

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Load and the road in LVA means securing produce, implements or trailers, not dirtying or unduly encroaching on the carriageway, and adapting to coexist with the rest of the traffic. The exam tests your ability to secure the load, use the hard shoulder or carriageway correctly, and keep the road clean.

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The LVA licence requires mastering general rules and signs applied to self-propelled special agricultural vehicles and their combinations within the permitted limits. The exam tests your ability to apply the hierarchy of signs to a wide, slow vehicle with wide manoeuvres.

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The agricultural vehicle driver must manage width, visibility, moderate speed and coexistence with faster traffic, without losing control of the implement or combination. The exam insists that low speed does not reduce the need to be seen and to take extra care when joining traffic and turning.

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The agricultural vehicle topic focuses on types of special vehicles, controls, implements, dimensions, couplings and safe preparation for driving outside the work site. The exam tests your ability to check beforehand, understand the scope of the licence and adapt your driving to a wide, slow vehicle.

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