How many questions does the D1 licence theory exam have?

The D1 licence theory exam has 20 multiple-choice questions taken at an official DGT test centre.

How many errors are allowed in the D1 licence theory exam?

A maximum of 2 errors are allowed to pass the D1 licence theory exam. From 3 wrong answers the exam is failed.

How long is the D1 licence theory exam?

You have 20 minutes to answer the 20 questions of the D1 licence theory exam. You can flag questions and review them before submitting.

How much does the D1 licence theory exam cost?

The official DGT fee (tasa 4.6) for the D1 licence is €94.05. This fee covers both the theory and practical exams as well as each retake. Add the medical certificate (€35–€60) and, if you train with a driving school, practical lessons.

D1 License Syllabus

Vehicles for up to 16 passengers besides the driver.

20 questions

Max 2 errors

20 minutes

6 topics

Normativa de viajeros

En Permiso D1 - Microbus debes dominar la normativa de transporte de viajeros: ambito del permiso, seguridad de pasajeros, paradas, puertas, equipaje y margen extra de prudencia por dimensiones y responsabilidad del vehiculo.

Señales

Domina la jerarquia entre agentes, senalizacion circunstancial, semaforos, senales verticales y marcas viales, y estudia el catalogo oficial vigente con atencion a las actualizaciones mas recientes y a su aplicacion real en examen.

Técnicas de autobús

Conducir un autobus exige suavidad, observacion amplia, control del balanceo, lectura larga del entorno y respeto a la zona barrida en giros y aproximaciones a parada. El pasaje siente cada error antes incluso de que aparezca el peligro externo.

Tiempos de conducción y descanso

Los tiempos de conduccion y descanso en viajeros comparten la base del Reglamento (CE) 561/2006, pero en autobus y microbus conviene estudiarlos con mentalidad de servicio: no solo limitan horas, tambien condicionan seguridad del pasaje, planificacion de ruta y decisiones exam-safe cuando aparecen retrasos o cansancio.

Transporte de viajeros

El transporte de viajeros exige tecnica, normativa y trato seguro del pasaje: acceso, equipaje, informacion, atencion a colectivos vulnerables y reaccion correcta ante incidencias.

Mecánica y mantenimiento

El mantenimiento preventivo de autobuses y microbuses forma parte de la seguridad vial: evita averias, reduce distancia de frenado, mejora estabilidad y disminuye errores en examen y circulacion real.

Everything about the D1 license in Spain

The D1 license allows driving buses up to 17 seats. The theory exam includes a common and specific test. Topics include passenger transport regulations, passenger evacuation, accessibility, and bus safety.

Frequently asked questions about the D1 licence

How many questions does the D1 licence theory exam have?: The D1 licence theory exam has 20 multiple-choice questions taken at an official DGT test centre.
How many errors are allowed in the D1 licence theory exam?: A maximum of 2 errors are allowed to pass the D1 licence theory exam. From 3 wrong answers the exam is failed.
How long is the D1 licence theory exam?: You have 20 minutes to answer the 20 questions of the D1 licence theory exam. You can flag questions and review them before submitting.
What vehicles can you drive with the D1 licence?: Vehicles for up to 16 passengers besides the driver.
How much does the D1 licence theory exam cost?: The official DGT fee (tasa 4.6) for the D1 licence is €94.05. This fee covers both the theory and practical exams as well as each retake. Add the medical certificate (€35–€60) and, if you train with a driving school, practical lessons.

Compare the D1 licence with others

Mandatory for paid driving

With a D1 licence you also need the CAP — full 2026 guide

Ready to prepare for the D1 license?

Practice with real questions and up-to-date exam simulations.