In one sentence…
You can drive combinations of a category D1 towing vehicle and a trailer over 750 kg MAM.
The D1+E licence lets you drive combinations of a category D1 towing vehicle and a trailer over 750 kg MAM; the standard minimum age is 21.
| Minimum age | The standard minimum age is 21. From age 18 with the ordinary initial CAP professional qualification; until age 21 these vehicles may only be driven in Spain. |
|---|---|
| What you can drive | combinations of a category D1 towing vehicle and a trailer over 750 kg MAM. |
| Prerequisites | You need a valid D1 licence. |
| Tests | Specific theory test. Practical closed-track and road tests. A valid C1+E licence exempts you from the specific theory test. |
| Fee | Fee 2.1: €94.05 · 2 exam sittings. |
| Validity and renewal | 5 years under age 65; 3 years from age 65. Validity may be shortened for medical reasons. Renewal requires continued fitness to drive. |
You must also meet the general requirements in article 7, including fitness to drive and the residence or study-stay requirements for foreign applicants.
Sources:BOE · art. 4BOE · art. 5BOE · art. 7BOE · art. 12BOE · art. 13BOE · art. 54BOE · annex VDGT
The syllabus
D1+E passenger combinations combine the transport of people with the dynamic complexity of a heavy trailer. You must master the scope of the licence, the specific exam and the practical consequences of driving a D1 minibus with a trailer of over 750 kg.
Master the hierarchy between officers, temporary signing, traffic lights, vertical signs and road markings, and apply each sign to the D1+E combination. In passenger vehicles with a trailer, reading a sign late reduces your margin to correct.
Driving technique for D1+E combinations combines controlling the trailer with protecting passengers: wide trajectories, clean braking and very low-speed manoeuvres. The key is to anticipate rather than correct too late.
The safety devices of a D1+E combination protect the mechanical coupling, the exterior signalling, the stability of the trailer and the service to passengers. Study them as a chain: if one element fails, the combination stops being predictable.
Preventive maintenance of D1+E combinations prevents breakdowns, improves braking and cornering, protects passengers and reduces exam mistakes. Study it as preparation for the service, not as a task unrelated to the driver.
When's your exam?
You can follow the fixed 7-day plan up to that date. Stored only on this device.
This guide covers the D1+E licence in English. For the full picture — practice tests, lessons and glossary in one place — see the Spanish driving theory test in English.
The D1+E licence allows driving buses up to 17 seats with trailer. Specific theory test. Practical closed-track and road tests. A valid C1+E licence exempts you from the specific theory test. Topics include passenger transport regulations, passenger evacuation, accessibility, and bus safety.
Practice with real questions and up-to-date exam simulations.
